Clearing Canadian Customs: Earning PARS Clearance and Passing CBSA Regulations

Handling Canadian customs involves meticulous planning, timely submission of documents, and adherence to CBSA regulations. Handling Canadian customs as a freight broker involves a detailed process to ensure that goods are imported smoothly and in compliance with all regulations. Doing so ensures that shipments cross the border efficiently, avoiding costly delays and ensuring compliance with all Canadian import laws.

Niagara Falls Border Crossing

Here’s a step-by-step outline of the general process:

1. Gathering Necessary Documentation

Before the shipment arrives at the Canadian border, the freight broker must ensure that all necessary documentation is in place. Key documents include:

  • Bill of Lading (BOL): A detailed list of the cargo being shipped, including the shipper’s and consignee’s information.
  • Commercial Invoice: Outlines the value, description, and quantity of goods, and is essential for customs valuation and duty calculation.
  • Packing List: Details the items in each package, including weight and dimensions.
  • Certificate of Origin: Specifies where the goods were manufactured, which can impact duties or tariffs.
  • Import Permits and Licenses: Depending on the goods being shipped, permits or special licenses may be required.
  • Customs Bond: Ensures payment of any duties, taxes, or fees that may be incurred.

2. Pre-Arrival Review System (PARS)

The freight broker must use the Pre-Arrival Review System (PARS) to speed up the customs clearance process. PARS allows brokers to submit import documentation to the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) before the goods arrive at the border.

  • PARS Sticker: Each shipment needs a PARS sticker that includes a barcode and reference number.
  • Submitting Documents to CBSA: The freight broker sends the PARS documents to CBSA well in advance to allow for review.

3. Selecting a Customs Broker

If not already designated, the freight broker often works with a licensed customs broker who will handle the clearance on behalf of the importer. The customs broker will:

  • Assess Import Requirements: Review the documents to ensure that all customs regulations and requirements are met.
  • Classify Goods: Accurately classify goods under the Harmonized System (HS) to determine duties and taxes.
  • Determine Duties and Taxes: Calculate applicable duties, taxes, and fees based on the shipment’s value, type, and origin.

4. Submission of eManifest

Freight brokers and carriers are required to submit an electronic manifest (eManifest) to CBSA before the arrival of the shipment. This document provides detailed information about the cargo and is crucial for cross-border security and compliance.

5. Payment of Duties and Taxes

The customs broker will coordinate the payment of any duties, taxes, and fees due to CBSA. These payments must be completed before goods are released from customs. If eligible, importers may use duty deferral programs to delay or reduce the payment of duties.

6. CBSA Review and Clearance

Upon arrival at the Canadian border, CBSA officers review the submitted documents and may inspect the cargo. If all paperwork is in order and duties are paid, the shipment is cleared for entry. Occasionally, CBSA will conduct random inspections to ensure compliance. The freight broker must be prepared to address any issues that arise.

7. Release of Goods

Once cleared, the goods are released from customs and can proceed to their final destination. The freight broker coordinates with the carrier to ensure smooth delivery.

8. Post-Entry Audit and Record-Keeping

After the shipment is cleared, the freight broker and customs broker maintain detailed records of the transaction. CBSA may conduct post-entry audits to ensure compliance with import regulations. Brokers and importers must retain records for a specified period, typically six years, as per Canadian regulations.

Key Considerations for Freight Brokers

  • Compliance with CBSA Regulations: The broker must stay up-to-date with Canadian customs laws and regulations, including any changes to tariffs, import bans, or required documentation.
  • Understanding Trade Agreements: Knowledge of trade agreements such as USMCA (United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement) can impact duties and taxes and provide cost-saving opportunities.
  • Clear Communication: Effective communication with importers, carriers, and customs brokers is essential to prevent delays and ensure a smooth customs process.